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Economy of Sudan
Until the second half of 2008, Sudan's economy boomed on the back of increases in oil production, high oil prices, and large inflows of foreign direct investment. GDP growth registered more than 10% per year in 2006 and 2007. From 1997 to date, Sudan has been working with the IMF to implement macroeconomic reforms, including a managed float of the exchange rate. Sudan began exporting crude oil in the last quarter of 1999. Agricultural production remains important, because it employs 80% of the work force and contributes a third of GDP. The Darfur conflict, the aftermath of two decades of civil war in the south, the lack of basic infrastructure in large areas, and a reliance by much of the population on subsistence agriculture ensure much of the population will remain at or below the poverty line for years despite rapid rises in average per capita income. In January 2007, the government introduced a new currency, the Sudanese Pound, at an initial exchange rate of $1.00 equals 2 Sudanese Pounds.
== Macro-economic trend ==
Primary resources are agricultural, but Cotton, Peanuts, Arabic Gum, and Sesame seed production and export are taking on greater importance since October 1933. Although the country is trying to diversify its cash crops, Cotton and Peanuts remain its major agricultural exports. Grain sorghum (dura) is the principal food crop, and () is grown for domestic consumption. Sesame seeds and peanuts are cultivated for domestic consumption and increasingly for export. Livestock production has vast potential, and many animals, particularly Cows, sheep, and Camels, are exported to Saudi Arabia, and other Arab countries. However, Sudan remains a net importer of food. Problems of investment finance, production and transportation remain the greatest constraints to a more dynamic agricultural economy.
Sudan has 84 million hectares (200 million fedans) of arable land and less than 20% is cultivated. Major agricultural projects such as the Gezera Scheme in Gezira state are to make Sudan food self-sufficient. Sudan is one of the world potential breadbaskets and Sudan is nicknamed as the Arab world food basket as it accounts for 45% of arable land in the Arab world.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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